A Streetcar Named Desire Title

1947 play by Tennessee Williams

A Streetcar Named Desire
First edition (New Directions)
Written by	Tennessee Williams
Characters	Blanche DuBois Stella Kowalski Stanley Kowalski Harold "Mitch" Mitchell
Date premiered	December 3, 1947
Place premiered	Ethel Barrymore Theatre New York Urban center, New York
Original language	English
Genre	Southern Gothic
Setting	The French Quarter and Downtown New Orleans

A Streetcar Named Desire is a play written by Tennessee Williams and showtime performed on Broadway on December 3, 1947.^[1] The play dramatizes the experiences of Blanche DuBois, a old Southern belle who, after encountering a series of personal losses, leaves her one time-prosperous situation to move into a shabby apartment in New Orleans rented by her younger sister and brother-in-law.

Williams' nearly popular work, A Streetcar Named Want is one of the most critically acclaimed plays of the twentieth century.^[i] Information technology even so ranks amid his most performed plays, and has inspired many adaptations in other forms, notably a critically acclaimed film that was released in 1951.^[2]

Plot [edit]

After the loss of her family home to creditors, Blanche DuBois travels from Laurel, Mississippi, to the New Orleans French Quarter to live with her younger married sister, Stella, and Stella's husband, Stanley Kowalski. Blanche is in her thirties and, with no coin, has nowhere else to go.

Blanche tells Stella that she has taken a leave of absenteeism from her English language-teaching position because of her nerves (which is later revealed to be a prevarication). Blanche laments the shabbiness of her sister's two-room flat. She finds Stanley loud and crude, somewhen referring to him as "mutual". Stanley, in return, is suspicious of Blanche, does not care for her manners and resents her presence which is already interfering with his regimented only hedonistic lifestyle.

From the get-go scene, Blanche is nervous and jittery. She is reluctant to exist seen in the glare of light and seems to have a drinking trouble. She is also deceptive and is critical of her sister and brother-in-police.

Stanley later on questions Blanche about her earlier marriage. Blanche had married when she was very immature, simply her husband committed suicide. This memory causes her obvious distress. Nosotros later learn she suffers from guilt due to the way she had reacted to finding out her husband'south homosexuality and his fatal reaction. Stanley, worried that he has been cheated out of an inheritance, demands to know what happened to Belle Reve, one time a large plantation and the DuBois family home. He tells Stella near the Napoleonic Lawmaking which, in those days, was a legal correct of a husband over his married woman'due south fiscal affairs. Blanche hands over all the documents pertaining to Belle Reve. While looking at the papers, Stanley notices a bundle of letters that Blanche emotionally proclaims are personal beloved letters from her dead husband. For a moment, Stanley seems defenseless off guard over her proclaimed feelings. Later on, he informs Blanche that Stella is going to have a babe.

The night after Blanche's arrival, during one of Stanley's poker games, Blanche meets Mitch, one of Stanley'southward poker role player buddies. His courteous manner sets him autonomously from the other men. Their conversation becomes flirtatious and friendly, and Blanche easily charms him; they like each other. All of a sudden becoming upset over multiple interruptions, Stanley explodes in a drunken rage and strikes Stella. Blanche and Stella have refuge with upstairs neighbor, Eunice Hubbell. When Stanley recovers, he cries out from the courtyard below for Stella to come back by repeatedly calling her name until she comes downward and allows herself to be carried off to bed. Blanche is shocked to see that her sister has returned to her husband right after he assaulted her. After Stella returns to Stanley, Blanche and Mitch sit at the bottom of the steps in the courtyard, where Mitch apologizes for Stanley's coarse behavior.

The adjacent morning, Blanche rushes to Stella and describes Stanley as subhuman, though Stella assures Blanche that she and Stanley are fine. Stanley overhears the conversation but keeps silent. When Stanley comes in, Stella hugs and kisses him, letting Blanche know that her depression opinion of Stanley does not affair.

As the weeks pass, the friction between Blanche and Stanley continues to grow. Blanche has hope in Mitch, and tells Stella that she wants to get away with him and not be anyone'due south problem. During a meeting between the ii, Blanche confesses to Mitch that once she was married to a swain, Allan Grey, whom she later discovered in a sexual encounter with an older human being. Grey later took his own life when Blanche told him she was disgusted with him. The story touches Mitch, who tells Blanche that they demand each other. Mitch himself has lost someone and seems to accept empathy with Blanche's situation.

Later, Stanley repeats gossip to Stella from a seedy salesman with contacts in Laurel, that Blanche was fired from her teaching job for involvement with an under-aged educatee and that she lived at a hotel known for prostitution. Stella erupts in anger over Stanley's cruelty after he reveals he has already told Mitch. Later that evening, at Blanche's birthday political party, in that location is an empty seat at the table for Mitch, who doesn't show up. Stanley gives Blanche a birthday "present", a one-mode ticket back to Laurel by Greyhound Bus. An argument ensues betwixt Stella and Stanley but is cut short as Stella goes into unexpected labor and is taken past her husband to the infirmary.

As Blanche waits at habitation solitary, Mitch arrives and confronts Blanche with the stories that Stanley has told him. She somewhen confesses that the stories are true. She pleads for forgiveness. An aroused and humiliated Mitch rejects her. Nevertheless, he demands intimacy with her, suggesting that it's his right since he has waited for and then long for cipher. Blanche threatens to weep fire and tells him to get out.

Stanley returns dwelling house to find Blanche alone in the apartment. She has descended into another fantasy near an erstwhile suitor coming to provide financial support and accept her away from New Orleans. She falsely claims that Mitch had asked for her forgiveness only she had rejected him. Stanley goes along with the act before angrily scorning Blanche's lies, hypocrisy and beliefs, and calling out her lie about Mitch. He advances toward her; in response, she threatens to attack him with a broken bottle, merely is overpowered. Blanche collapses on the floor and Stanley is last seen taking her unconscious into his bed.

Some time in the almost future, during a poker game at the Kowalski apartment, Stella and Eunice are seen packing Blanche's meagre belongings while Blanche takes a bath in a catatonic country, having suffered a mental breakdown. Although Blanche has told Stella nearly Stanley raping her (which he denies) Stella cannot bring herself to believe her sister'south story. When a doc and a matron arrive to have Blanche to the infirmary, she initially resists them and the nurse painfully restrains her. Mitch, nowadays at the poker game, breaks downwards in tears. The doctor is far more than gentle and she goes willingly with him, proverb: "Whoever y'all are – I take always depended on the kindness of strangers." The poker game continues, uninterrupted.

Stage productions [edit]

Original Broadway product [edit]

The original Broadway production was produced by Irene Mayer Selznick and directed by Elia Kazan.^[2] Information technology opened at the Shubert in New Haven in early November 1947, then played the Walnut Street Theatre in Philadelphia before moving to the Ethel Barrymore Theatre on Dec 3, 1947.^[2] Selznick originally wanted to cast Margaret Sullavan and John Garfield, but settled on the less well-known Jessica Tandy and a virtual unknown at the fourth dimension, Marlon Brando. The opening nighttime bandage also included Kim Hunter every bit Stella and Karl Malden as Mitch.^[ii] Tandy was cast after Williams saw her performance in a West Declension product of his one-act play Portrait of a Madonna. Williams believed that casting Brando, who was immature for the part as it was originally conceived, would evolve Kowalski from being a roughshod older human to someone whose unintentional cruelty tin can be attributed to youthful ignorance. Despite its shocking scenes and gritty dialogue, the audience applauded the debut performance.^[3] Brooks Atkinson, reviewing the opening in The New York Times, described Tandy'south "superb operation" as "almost incredibly true", concluding that Williams "has spun a poignant and luminous story."^[4]

Later in the run, Uta Hagen succeeded Tandy, Carmelita Pope succeeded Hunter, and Anthony Quinn succeeded Brando. Hagen and Quinn took the prove on a national tour directed past Harold Clurman, so returned to Broadway for additional performances. Ralph Meeker likewise took on the role of Stanley both in the Broadway and touring companies. Tandy received a Tony Award for All-time Actress in a Play in 1948, sharing the honor with Judith Anderson and Katharine Cornell. The original Broadway product airtight, after 855 performances, in 1949.

Original cast [edit]

• Jessica Tandy as Blanche DuBois
• Karl Malden as Harold "Mitch" Mitchell
• Marlon Brando equally Stanley Kowalski
• Kim Hunter as Stella Kowalski
• Rudy Bond as Steve Hubbell
• Nick Dennis as Pablo Gonzales
• Peg Hillias equally Eunice Hubbell
• Vito Christi every bit Young Collector
• Richard Garrick as Physician
• Ann Dere as Nurse (later on chosen the Matron)
• Gee Gee James as Negro Woman
• Edna Thomas every bit Mexican Adult female

Other early productions [edit]

The first adaptation of Streetcar in Greece was performed in 1948 past Koun's Art Theater, two years before its flick adaptation and one year earlier its London premiere, directed by Karolos Koun starring Melina Mercouri equally Blanche and Vasilis Diamantopoulos every bit Stanley, with original music past Manos Hadjidakis.

The London production, directed by Laurence Olivier, opened at the Aldwych Theatre on Oct 12, 1949. It starred Bonar Colleano as Stanley, Vivien Leigh equally Blanche, Renée Asherson as Stella and Bernard Braden equally Mitch.^{[1] [5]}

An Australian production with Viola Keats as Blanche and Arthur Franz as Stanley opened at the Comedy Theatre in Melbourne in February 1950.^[six]

Revivals [edit]

The first all-black production of Streetcar was likely performed by the Summer Theatre Company at Lincoln Academy in Jefferson City, Missouri, in Baronial 1953 and directed by one of Williams's erstwhile classmates at Iowa, Thomas D. Pawley, every bit noted in the Streetcar edition of the "Plays in Production" series published by Cambridge University Press. The black and cantankerous-gendered productions of Streetcar since the mid-1950s are too numerous to list here.

Tallulah Bankhead, for whom Williams originally had written the function of Blanche, starred in a 1956 New York City Center Visitor production directed by Herbert Machiz.^[vii]

In 1972, American composer Frances Ziffer set A Streetcar Named Want to music.^[8]

The showtime Broadway revival of the play was in 1973. It was produced by the Lincoln Middle, at the Vivian Beaumont Theater, and starred Rosemary Harris as Blanche, James Farentino as Stanley and Patricia Conolly every bit Stella.^[ix]

The spring 1988 revival at the Circle in the Square Theatre starred Aidan Quinn opposite Blythe Danner every bit Blanche and Frances McDormand as Stella.^[10]

A highly publicized and acclaimed revival in 1992 starred Alec Baldwin as Stanley and Jessica Lange as Blanche. It was staged at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre, where the original production was staged. This production proved so successful that it was filmed for tv. It featured Timothy Carhart as Mitch and Amy Madigan as Stella, likewise as future Sopranos stars James Gandolfini and Aida Turturro. Gandolfini was Carhart'south understudy.^[eleven]

In 1997, Le Petit Theatre du Vieux Carré in New Orleans mounted a 50th Anniversary production, with music by the Marsalis family, starring Michael Arata and Shelly Poncy. In 2009, the Walnut Street Theatre in Philadelphia, where the original pre-Broadway tryout was held, staged a product of the play.

In 1997, (Steppenwolf Theatre, Chicago IL), Gary Sinise equally Stanley, John C Reilly as Mitch, Kathryn Erbe as Stella, and Laila Robins every bit Blanche.

Glenn Close starred in Trevor Nunn'south 2002 product for the National Theatre at the Lyttleton Theatre, London.

The 2005 Broadway revival was directed by Edward Hall and produced by The Roundabout Theater Visitor. It starred John C. Reilly as Stanley, Amy Ryan as Stella, and Natasha Richardson every bit Blanche.^[12] The production would marking Natasha Richardson's final advent on Broadway prior to her decease in 2009 post-obit a skiing accident.

The Sydney Theatre Company production of A Streetcar Named Desire premiered on September 5 and ran until October 17, 2009. This production, directed by Liv Ullmann, starred Cate Blanchett as Blanche, Joel Edgerton as Stanley, Robin McLeavy equally Stella and Tim Richards as Mitch.^[13]

From July 2009 until Oct 2009, Rachel Weisz and Ruth Wilson starred in a highly acclaimed revival of the play in London's Westward Finish at the Donmar Warehouse directed past Rob Ashford.

In Apr 2012, Blair Underwood, Nicole Ari Parker, Daphne Rubin-Vega and Wood Harris starred in a multiracial accommodation at the Broadhurst Theatre.^[14] Theatre review aggregator Curtain Critic gave the production a score of 61 out of 100 based on the opinions of 17 critics.^[15]

A product at the Young Vic, London, opened on July 23, 2014, and closed on September xix, 2014. Directed by Benedict Andrews and starring Gillian Anderson, Ben Foster, Vanessa Kirby and Corey Johnson; this production garnered critical acclamation and is the fastest selling show always produced by the Young Vic.^[xvi] On September 16, 2014, the functioning was relayed alive to over i thousand cinemas in the UK as part of the National Theatre Live project.^[17] Thus far, the production has been screened in over 2000 venues.^[xviii] From April 23, 2016, until June 4, 2016, the production was reprised at the new St. Ann'southward Warehouse in Brooklyn, New York City.^[nineteen] In 2020 during the COVID-19 lockdowns it was released for free on YouTube as part of the National Theatre At Abode series.^[xx]

In 2016 Sarah Frankcom directed a production at the Royal Exchange in Manchester starring Maxine Peake, Ben Batt, Sharon Duncan Brewster and Youssef Kerkour. Information technology opened on 8 September and closed on 15 October. It was critically well received with Peake's performance in particular singled out for praise.^[21]

In 2018, information technology headlined the third annual Tennessee Williams Festival St. Louis at the Grandel Theatre. Carrie Houk, the Festival's Executive Creative Manager, and Tim Ocel, the director of the play, chose to cast the play with actors whose ages were close to Tennessee Williams' original intentions. (The birthday party is for Blanche's 30th birthday.) Sophia Dark-brown starred as Blanche, with Nick Narcisi as Stanley, Lana Dvorak equally Stella, and Spencer Sickmann equally Mitch. Henry Polkes composed the original score, and James Wolk designed the set. The critics were unanimous in their praise.^{[22] [23]}

Adaptations [edit]

Picture show [edit]

In 1951, Warner Bros. released a film accommodation of the play, directed by Elia Kazan. Malden, Brando, and Hunter reprised their Broadway roles. They were joined by Vivien Leigh from the London production in the part of Blanche. The motion-picture show won iv University Awards, including 3 acting awards (Leigh for Best Actress, Malden for Best Supporting Actor and Hunter for Best Supporting Actress), the first time a moving picture won three out of four acting awards (Brando was nominated for Best Actor but lost). Composer Alex North received an Academy Award nomination for this, his first motion-picture show score. Jessica Tandy was the just lead role player from the original Broadway production not to appear in the 1951 film.^[24] The ending itself was also slightly contradistinct. Stella does not remain with Stanley, every bit she does in the play.

Pedro Almodóvar'southward 1999 Academy Laurels-winning moving-picture show All About My Mother features a Spanish-language version of the play being performed by some of the supporting characters and the play itself plays an of import role in the pic. Withal, some of the picture'southward dialogue is taken from the 1951 motion picture version, not the original phase version.

The 1973 Woody Allen film Sleeper includes a late scene in which Miles (Woody) and Luna (Diane Keaton) briefly accept on the roles of Stanley (Luna) and Blanche (Miles).

It was noted by many critics that the 2013 University Award-winning Woody Allen film Bluish Jasmine had much in mutual with Streetcar and is most likely a loose adaptation. It shares a very similar plot and characters, although it has been suitably updated for modern pic audiences.^{[25] [26]}

In 2015, Gillian Anderson directed and starred in a curt picture show prequel to A Streetcar Named Desire, titled The Departure. The short film was written by the novelist Andrew O'Hagan and is part of Young Vic's short film series, which was produced in collaboration with The Guardian.^[27]

Opera [edit]

In 1995, an opera was adapted and equanimous by André Previn with a libretto by Philip Littell. It had its premiere at the San Francisco Opera during the 1998–99 season, and featured Renée Fleming as Blanche.

Ballet [edit]

A 1952 ballet product with choreography by Valerie Bettis, which Mia Slavenska and Frederic Franklin's Slavenska-Franklin Ballet debuted at Her Majesty's Theatre in Montreal, featured the music of Alex North, who had equanimous the music for the 1951 flick.^[28]

Some other ballet production was staged past John Neumeier in Frankfurt in 1983. Music included Visions fugitives by Prokofiev and Alfred Schnittke's Start Symphony.

In the mid-2000s, another product was staged by Winthrop Corey, then creative director of Mobile Ballet.^[29]

In 2006, a production was staged past John Alleyne, then creative director of Ballet BC.

In 2012, Scottish Ballet collaborated with theatre and moving-picture show director Nancy Meckler and international choreographer Annabelle Lopez Ochoa to create a new staging of A Streetcar Named Desire.^[30]

In 2018, the Erkel Theatre in Budapest revisited the production with Marianna Venekei choreographing, Iurii Kekalo dancing equally Stanley Kowalski, Lea Földi equally Blanche DuBois, and Anna Krupp as Stella.^[31]

Television receiver [edit]

In 1955, the television plan Omnibus featured Jessica Tandy reviving her original Broadway functioning equally Blanche, with her married man, Hume Cronyn, as Mitch. Information technology aired just portions of the play that featured the Blanche and Mitch characters.

The 1984 television version featured Ann-Margret as Blanche, Care for Williams every bit Stanley, Beverly D'Angelo as Stella and Randy Quaid every bit Mitch. It was directed by John Erman and the teleplay was adapted past Oscar Saul. The music score by composed by Marvin Hamlisch. Ann-Margret, D'Angelo and Quaid were all nominated for Emmy Awards, but none won. However, it did win four Emmys, including 1 for cinematographer Bill Butler. Ann-Margret won a Golden Globe award for her operation and Care for Williams was nominated for Best Player in a Miniseries or Telly Movie.

A 1995 television version was based on the highly successful Broadway revival that starred Alec Baldwin and Jessica Lange. However, only Baldwin and Lange were from the stage production. The TV version added John Goodman as Mitch and Diane Lane as Stella. This production was directed past Glenn Jordan. Baldwin, Lange and Goodman all received Emmy Award nominations. Lange won a Golden Globe award (for Best Actress in a Miniseries or Telly Movie), while Baldwin was nominated for Best Actor, just did not win.

In 1998, PBS aired a taped version of the opera accommodation that featured the original San Francisco Opera cast. The program received an Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Classical Music/Dance Programme.^[32]

In a 1992 episode of The Simpsons, "A Streetcar Named Marge", a musical version of the play, Oh, Streetcar!, was featured. Ned Flanders and Marge Simpson took the leading roles every bit Stanley and Blanche, respectively.

Belle Reprieve [edit]

Bette Bourne and Paul Shaw of the British gay theater visitor Bloolips, and Peggy Shaw and Lois Weaver of the American lesbian theater company Carve up Britches, collaborated and performed a gender-bent production of Belle Reprieve, a twisted adaption of Streetcar. This theatrical piece creates a "Brechtian 'epic drama'" that relies on the reflective rather than emotional involvement of the audience—a "commentary on the sexual roles and games in Williams'south text". Blanche was played past Bette Bourne as "man in a dress", Stanley was played by Peggy Shaw as a "butch lesbian", Mitch was played past Paul Shaw every bit a "fairy disguised every bit a man", and Stella was played past Lois Weaver as a "woman disguised as a woman".^[33]

Inspirations [edit]

The Desire Line ran from 1920 to 1948, at the height of streetcar use in New Orleans. The route ran down Royal, through the Quarter, to Desire Street in the Bywater district, and dorsum up to Culvert. Blanche'due south route in the play—"They told me to have a streetcar named Desire, transfer to one called Cemeteries and ride vi blocks and get off at—Elysian Fields!"—is allegorical, taking advantage of New Orleans's colorful street names: the Desire line itself crossed Elysian Fields Avenue on its way to Canal Street. In that location, one could transfer to the Cemeteries line, which ran along Culvert, blocks away from Elysian Fields.

The character of Blanche is thought to be based on Williams' sister, Rose Williams, who struggled with mental health problems and became incapacitated after a lobotomy.^[ane] The success of the play enabled Williams to finance his sister'southward care. ^[34] Other biographical elements include Williams' mother being a Southern lady reflected in the Southern background of Stella and Blanche, and his male parent being a travelling salesman (equally reflected in Stanley's character) who enjoyed drinking and playing poker with his friends. Williams himself was born in Mississippi and had a family unit home in St. Louis. The common motifs of homosexuality and mental illness in the play come from his own struggle with his sexual orientation and his experience with his sis's mental illness. Stanley's loathing for Blanche's prim and proper attitude was probably inspired by Williams'southward ain father'south aversion to his mother's Southern airs.^[35]

The theatre critic and former actress Blanche Marvin, a friend of Williams, says the playwright used her name for the character Blanche DuBois, named the character's sister Stella later on Marvin's old surname "Zohar" (which ways "Star"), and took the play's line "I've always depended on the kindness of strangers" from something she said to him.^[36]

"A Streetcar Named Success" [edit]

"A Streetcar Named Success" is an essay by Tennessee Williams about art and the artist'southward role in society. It is often included in paper editions of A Streetcar Named Desire. A version of this essay first appeared in The New York Times on November 30, 1947, 4 days earlier the opening of A Streetcar Named Desire. Another version of this essay, titled "The Catastrophe of Success", is sometimes used as an introduction to The Glass Menagerie.

Awards and nominations [edit]

Awards

• 1948 New York Drama Critics' Circle Best Play
• 1948 Tony Award for All-time Actress in a Play – Jessica Tandy
• 1948 Pulitzer Prize for Drama
• 1992 Theater World Accolade for Best Actress in a Play – Jessica Lange
• 2003 Olivier Accolade for Best Supporting Actress in a Play – Essie Davis
• 2010 Olivier Award for All-time Extra in a Play – Rachel Weisz
• 2010 Olivier Accolade for Best Supporting Actress in a Play – Ruth Wilson

Nominations

• 1988 Tony Award for Best Revival of a Play
• 1988 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play – Frances McDormand
• 1988 Tony Award for All-time Actress in a Play – Blythe Danner
• 1992 Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play – Alec Baldwin
• 2005 Tony Honor for All-time Featured Actress in a Play – Amy Ryan
• 2005 Tony Accolade for Best Costume Design of a Play
• 2005 Tony Award for Best Lighting Design of a Play
• 2010 Olivier Honor for Best Revival of a Play
• 2015 Olivier Award for Best Revival of a Play
• 2015 Olivier Laurels for Best Extra in a Play – Gillian Anderson

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b c d} Williams, Tennessee (1995). A Streetcar Named Desire. Introduction and text. Oxford: Heinemann Educational Publishers.
2. ^ ^{a b c d} Production notes. December three, 1947—December 17, 1949 IBDb.com
3. ^ December three, This Twenty-four hour period In History Calendar (2008), Sourcebooks, Inc.
4. ^ Brooks Atkinson, "First Nighttime at the Theatre", New York Times, December 4, 1947.
5. ^ "Production of A Streetcar Named Want – Theatricalia". theatricalia.com . Retrieved January 28, 2019.
6. ^ "'Streetcar' Poetic, Simply Controversial". The Age. Victoria, Commonwealth of australia. February xx, 1950. p. 3. Retrieved May 30, 2020 – via Trove.
7. ^ A Tribute From Tennessee Williams To 'Heroic Tallulah Bankhead'- New York Times, Books, March 4, 1956. [i]
8. ^ Times., New York. New York Times theater reviews. 1971-1972-. New York Times & Arno Press. OCLC 435995545.
9. ^ Barnes, Clive (April 27, 1973). "A Rare 'Streetcar'; Fresh Approach Taken at Vivian Beaumont". The New York Times . Retrieved September 26, 2012.
10. ^ Production notes. March 10 – May 22, 1988. IBDb.com
11. ^ Production notes. April 12—Baronial 9, 1992. IBDb.com
12. ^ Production notes. Apr 26–July three, 2005. IBDb.com
13. ^ "A Streetcar Named Want". SydneyTheatre.com.au. Sydney Theatre Company. Archived from the original on June fourteen, 2011. Retrieved June 21, 2011.
14. ^ "Blair Underwood On Stanley, Stella And 'Streetcar'". National Public Radio. May i, 2012. Retrieved May ii, 2012.
15. ^ "A Streetcar Named Want". Curtain Critic. Retrieved June 21, 2012.
16. ^ "What'south on: A Streetcar Named Want by Tennessee Williams", Young Vic.
17. ^ "Young Vic – A Streetcar Named Desire, National Theatre Live.
18. ^ Nick Curtis (December 3, 2014). "Gillian Anderson: Self destruction is my default mode". Evening Standard . Retrieved Nov ix, 2015.
19. ^ "St. Ann'south Warehouse – A Immature Vic & Joshua Andrews Co-Production". St. Ann's Warehouse . Retrieved April 27, 2016.
20. ^ "National Theatre at Home: A Streetcar Named Want". National Theatre. May 2020. Retrieved May 28, 2020.
21. ^ "Maxine Peake stalks to the heart of Blanche DuBois". Theguardian.com. September 18, 2016. Retrieved September 23, 2016.
22. ^ Fenske, Sarah (May 11, 2018). "A Streetcar Named Desire Triumphs at the Tennessee Williams Festival". Riverfront Times.
23. ^ Newmark, Judith (May 11, 2018). "'A Streetcar Named Desire' sizzles in its own poetry". St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
24. ^ Cohan, Steven (1997). Masked Men: Masculinity and the Movies in the Fifties. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Printing. p. 254. ISBN978-0-253-21127-9 . Retrieved July 11, 2008.
25. ^ "Movie Review: Woody Allen's Blue Jasmine Is Perhaps His Cruelest-Always Film". Vanity Off-white. July 26, 2013. Retrieved September 12, 2013.
26. ^ "Blue Jasmine: Woody Allen'southward splendid homage to A Streetcar Named Desire". Tri-city Herald. Archived from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved September 12, 2013.
27. ^ Wiegand, Chris (Feb 5, 2015). "Gillian Anderson goes back to Blanche for prequel to A Streetcar Named Desire". The Guardian . Retrieved October 6, 2016.
28. ^ Kolin, Philip C. (2000). Williams: A Streetcar named Desire. Cambridge University Printing. p. 157. ISBN978-0-521-62610-ane.
29. ^ "mobileballet.org". Archived from the original on October 2, 2018. Retrieved August 12, 2019.
30. ^ "A Streetcar Named Desire – A Streetcar Named Desire". October 12, 2013. Archived from the original on October 12, 2013. Retrieved January 28, 2019.
31. ^ "A Streetcar Named Desire – Ballet in Budapest". Gainsayer.me. May nine, 2018. Retrieved January 28, 2019.
32. ^ ""A Streetcar Named Desire" From The San Francisco". Goggle box University . Retrieved June 18, 2019.
33. ^ Geis, Deborah. "Deconstructing (A Streetcar Named) Desire: Gender Recitation in Belle Reprieve". Feminist Theatrical Revisions of Classic Works. Ed. Sharon Friedman. Jefferson, NC and London: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2009. 237-246. Print.
34. ^ "Obituary: Rose Williams". The Contained. September 12, 1996. Archived from the original on October 4, 2012. Retrieved May 28, 2020.
35. ^ "The Human being Who Queered Broadway". The New Yorker. October ix, 2014. Retrieved September 22, 2021.
36. ^ Clark, Nick (July 27, 2014). "Critic claims 'I was the inspiration for Blanche DuBois'". The Contained. Archived from the original on July 27, 2014. Retrieved August 29, 2014.

External links [edit]

• ​A Streetcar Named Desire​ (New York productions chronology) at the Internet Broadway Database
• ​A Streetcar Named Desire​ at the Playbill Vault
• Werner, Stephen A., "In Search of Stanley Kowalski" St. Louis Cultural History Project (Summer 2022).

A Streetcar Named Desire Title,

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Streetcar_Named_Desire

Posted by: stewartantim1964.blogspot.com

Share this post